list of wastewater treatment plants in the united states list of wastewater treatment plants in the united states

Adapted from Arkansas Watershed Advisory Group. These impacts can include harm to fish and wildlife populations, oxygen depletion, beach closures and other restrictions on recreational water use, restrictions on fish and shellfish harvesting and contamination of drinking water. Please click here to see any active alerts. List of largest wastewater treatment plants, Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant, "La Station d'puration Jean-R. Marcotte", "Montreal finally ready to go ahead with ozonation plant to treat waste water", "Chicago's Stickney Wastewater Treatment Plant Is the Crappiest Place on Earth", "Boston Harbor Pipe Dreams Come True! The implications of unaddressed capital and O&M future needs are particularly pervasive within the nations water-reliant businesses and healthcare industry. Most treatment plants were built to clean wastewater for discharge into streams In homes, this includes water from sinks, showers, bathtubs, toilets, washing machines and dishwashers. Investment in wastewater treatment systems is shifting from new construction projects to maintenance of original capacity and function of facilities (asset management). 3. However, their production and transport have life cycle impacts. According to the Congressional Research Service, the federal governments share of capital investment has fallen from 63% in 1977 to 9% in 2017. HVn6|W ))((d}u_YR79A$rwgf^\ &mQ6IV}xI!KY`X+kikB6|v]m5`l m(XLEaXrY>f7WaG+'+Mbb JYr?>n/unw4zL\7_*K?9" U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Science Inventory, Detection of Emerging, Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater from Treatment Plants in Urban and Rural Areas in the United States. U.S. EPA (2012) 2012 Guidelines for Water Reuse. The country has a vast system of collection sewers, pumping stations, and treatment plants. U.S. sewage treatment facility establishments by employment size 2018 Number of establishments in sewage treatment facilities sector in the United States in 2018, by employment size Leading. hb```f``2g`a``bg@ ~&(G#.a"f+\ bg*uj0t3F0(08040- ``:U2@!H Though large-scale capital improvements have been made to systems experiencing sanitary sewer overflows, efforts have slowed in recent years. In 2019, though the annual water infrastructure capital investment gap was $81 billion, the sector has made strides to address current and future needs through resilience-related planning and innovations that produce profitable byproducts or cost savings from wastewater treatment. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is an alternative to chlorination that does not add chemicals to the water. Sanitary sewers are installed to collect wastewater only and do not provide widespread drainage for the large amounts of runoff from precipitation events. ",7O6w6{fu\* FXM[/[gM-D Michigan Creative, a unit of the Resources for discharge requirements include: Historically, municipalitieshave used two major types of sewer systems. The other major type of domestic sewer design is sanitary sewers (also known as separate sanitary sewers). THE PRIMARY TREATMENT PROCESS 1. After a wastewater utility in San Antonio, Texas, implemented in-pipe sensors, data was collected to optimize the networks cleaning schedule, saving thousands of dollars in each location a sensor was installed. Ft 36[pH/SV68f,:#V @A] 2P%jaQ8maP16\Et =S@*] 8qn?,vvl6 R|)@o6LAf-{9J|h3gr"Si[&H x@)ZIXQ154mt8 Photo by Katrin Scholz-Barth, courtesy of National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL-13397. Pumping The term is used extensively in U.S. water pollution law (i.e. The construction of centralized sewage treatment plants began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, principally in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sewage sludge that is treated and meets federal and state regulations is often termed biosolids. Most wastewater treatment plants. (2012) Long-Term Study on Landscape Irrigation Using Household Graywater. As collection systems age and decline in condition, groundwater and stormwater enter the networks through cracks, joints, or illicit connections as inflow and infiltration. Though utilities are seeking to address affordability challenges in vulnerable communities, decreasing usage due to water conservation appliances, persistent leaks from aging infrastructure, and increasing inflation have all contributed to the 24% increase in rates reported from 2008 to 2016. Interview with Bluefield Research on Underground Infrastructure: U.S. Water & Wastewater Pipe Network Forecast, 2019-2028, published November 2019. How about a refreshing cup of reclaimed wastewater? More than 100 expansion or modernisation projects are launched each month in the US municipal wastewater treatment sector, which includes approximately 16,000 plants, according to the McIlvaine Company online database (www.mcilvainecompany.com) Capital needs for these plants will average close to US$ 10b per year over the next decade. Official websites use .gov As utilities face the challenges of meeting increasingly stringent water quality regulations, funding significant infrastructure replacements, and/or affordably providing services amid growing public and environmental health risks, the option of merging (utility consolidation) may unlock financial, technical, and managerial resources to meet current needs and adapt to future demands. Dow Inc. 4. Tabuchi H, New York Times, $300 Billion War Beneath the Street: Fighting to Replace Americas Water Pipes, November 10, 2017. For instance, some wastewater systems are in low-lying areas that are especially prone to the impacts of flooding, while others may be in drought-prone regions or areas with increasingly frequent wildfires. 222 0 obj <> endobj +# d1z@S5.W=U 7W*^|.8DYj^1^5I&;#+5R[b_*,7$m3taX5gpXP"?Jn[a1SIjd(R$B\W]=4M;M? O1UY2U|^?"T($&IDE,q#" Aq*JIY$e0"WBA P$@2C&e\0 T'B\. Infrastructure owners should engage in asset management practices Sewers collect sewage and wastewater from homes, businesses, and industries and deliver it to wastewater treatment facilities before it is discharged to water bodies or land, or reused. Chemical additions of ferric salts and lime enhance coagulation and sedimentation processes for improved solids removal as well as removal of toxic pollutants. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Former National Compliance Initiative: Keeping Raw Sewage and Contaminated Stormwater Out of Our Nations Waters. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. In 2018, resilience planning was streamlined within drinking water utilities with the signing of Americas Water Infrastructure Act (AWIA) which requires drinking water systems to routinely develop and update Risk and Resilience Assessments and Emergency Response Plans. The United States Conference of Mayors, $125.5 Billion Record Spending on Municipal Water and Sewer by Cities in 2017, November 1, 2019. Industrial Discharges to Wastewater Treatment Plants Over the last two decades, more than 200 of the nations largest combined sewer systems (those serving > 50,000 people) have been identified and had actions taken to reduce unlawful discharges that degrade water quality. Please click here to see any active alerts. U.S. EPA (2002) The Clean Water and Drinking Water Infrastructure Gap Analysis. No, we're kidding. The results of the 1988 National Sewage Sludge Survey were used to assess potential risk to human health and the environment from pollutants found in biosolids in support of the 1993 regulation 40 CFR Part 503,Standards for the Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge. Get in touch with us. Water Research Foundation (2016) Residential End Uses of Water, Version 2 Executive Summary. Classes of unregulated compounds known as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are a concern for water treatment engineers, particularly pharmaceuticals and personal care products. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wastewater Management, Office of Water, Primer for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Systems, September 2004. Large volumes of I/I can cause sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and/or operational problems at the wastewater treatment facility serving the collection system. Since its inception, OR-TEC has gained a reputation throughout the U.S., Mexico, Canada and . While wastewater utilities are responsible for covering the majority of their expenses, many also look to federal financing mechanisms, particularly for large capital projects. In 2015, the National Association of Home Builders estimated that the median age of owner-occupied housing across the U.S. was 37 years old, an indication that, without proactive homeowner maintenance, there may be significant needs for upgrading and/or replacing onsite wastewater infrastructure. When these areas experience heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt, the capacity of the combined system is overtaxed and results in combined sewer overflows where large volumes of partially treated or untreated wastewater bypass the treatment process and enter local waterbodies. Privatization of Water Services in the United States: An Assessment of Issues and Experience. The new delta plant is being developed under the supervision of the Engineering Authority of the Egyptian Armed Forces. into wastewater infrastructure planning and long-term funding decisions. U.S. EPA (1998) Cost Accounting and Budgeting for Improved Wastewater Treatment. Although the lifetime of a sewer system (50 years) is longer than that of treatment equipment (15 to 20 years), renovation needs of a sewer system can be more costly. 243 0 obj <>stream These systems were designed to convey sewage and wastewater to a treatment plant during dry weather. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Septic Systems Overview. The project added 86 facilities to the Since 2017, EGLE has sampled 56 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and 41 industrial dischargers (industries including airports, landfills, paper plants, and groundwater clean-up sites for other contaminants) for a total of 161 samples collected. As these threats increase, so too does the need for costly improvements in wastewater treatment systems. r06X05p ;hbC@Ujef20yK^ Wet-weather secondary treatment (since 1950) capacity limited to 1 821 000 m/day. In 2019, Bluefield Research reports that state agency requests for CWSRF funding exceeded $55.9 billion, indicating that the total, nationwide need significantly outpaces available funding. The 4,000 . lock ( Water and wastewater key figures in the U.S. 2017 Published by Ian Tiseo , Feb 6, 2023 There are more than 14,000 wastewater treatment plants (POTWs) across the United States, serving. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Across all sizes of wastewater treatment systems, technological and scientific innovations have made significant contributions to addressing the sectors challenges. 0 In a 2004 to 2009 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study, scientists found that pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities can be a significant source of pharmaceuticals to the environment. |A[/Exoq|SQ77j#L0ByAPdD(BT Hp :|tI% '@,@2tq5R}NA"5fA?jzs~=| So wastewater-treatment plants are located on low ground, often near a river into which treated water can be released. It has set ambitious goals to increase water recycling, with at least 1.5 million ac-ft/yr recycled by 2020, and 2.5 million ac-ft/yr by 2030. y 2032 it is expected that 56 million more people will connect to centralized treatment plants, rather than private septic systems - a 23% increase in demand. A federal construction grant program, which . In 2013, energy-related emissions resulting from POTW operations, excluding organic sludge degradation, were 15.5 teragrams (Tg) CO. Population growth and urban sprawl increase the collection (sewer) infrastructure needed. The area occupied by the plants are in square kilometers. Depending on the type of WWTP and the collection system, O&M spending varies. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2022) How's My Waterway? U.S. EPA (2003) Environmental Regulations and Technology: Control of Pathogens and Vector Attraction in Sewage Sludge. endstream endobj 226 0 obj <>stream the Clean Water Act . Summary statistics of concentration data are also reported for the 484 chemicals found in the three national sewage sludge surveys. Kuryanovo wastewater treatment facilities, Lyuberetskiye wastewater treatment facilities, Shanghai Zhuyan I Wastewater Treatment Plant, Gabal el Asfar Wastewater Treatment Plant, McAlpine Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 12:11. Capacity & Condition. JavaScript appears to be disabled on this computer. Growing urban environments signal a trend that these facilities will increasingly accommodate a larger portion of the nations wastewater demand. doi: 10.17226/10135. English. The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "U.S. Wastewater and Sewage Industry" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Visitors are drawn to water activities such as swimming, fishing, boating and picnicking. Growing urban environments signal a trend that centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) will increasingly accommodate a larger portion of the nations wastewater demand. When these areas experience heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt, the capacity of the combined system is overtaxed and results in combined sewer overflows where large volumes of partially treated or untreated wastewater bypass the treatment process and enter local water bodies. Over 16% of households are not served by public sewers and usually depend on septic tanks to treat and dispose of wastewater. liability for the information given being complete or correct. % The 2001 National Sewage Sludge Survey was conducted to obtain national estimates of concentrations of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in sewage sludge to use in assessing their potential risk to human and ecological health as a result of biosolids land application, surface disposal and incineration. Estimates indicate that utilities spent over $3 billion in 2019, or more than $18 per wastewater customer to replace the almost 4,700 miles of pipeline nationwide. National estimates for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators Utilities should ensure their rates cover the full cost of service The Water Research Foundation, Resource Recovery., Georgia, Inland Waterways, National Category, Startup Uses Drone for Cleaning Water, Collecting Data, North Dakota DOT Unveils Autonomous Protection Truck, Massachusetts implements nations 1st clean peak standard, First Gas-Hydrogen Power Plant in the U.S. Makes Waves in Ohio, National Category, North Carolina, Stormwater, Flood-Prone Town Uses Predictive Modeling to Protect Residents, MDOT deploys unique technology to inspect underwater infrastructure, Oregon city generates recoverable energy from underground water pipeline, Digitized shipping program improves efficiency at Port of Los Angeles, Arizonas I-10 Incorporates First-of-its-Kind Dust Detection, District of Columbia, National Category, Rail, Amtraks New Acela Improves Efficiency, Speed, Autonomous shuttle service increases equity in Columbus, Ohio, 2023 ASCE's 2021 Infrastructure Report Card, Website Design & Development by Ironistic. Wastewater infrastructure may be funded by local user fees and taxes, state-specific grants or discretionary set-asides, and federal grants or financing mechanisms. This value translates into more than $18 per wastewater customer, a cost that is projected to grow by an average of 5% annually. Pollutants contaminate receiving water via many pathways: point sources, non-point sources (e.g., air deposition, agriculture), sanitary sewer overflows, stormwater runoff, combined sewer overflows, and hydrologic modifications (e.g., channelization and dredging). USGS Visits the Deer Island Sewage Treatment Plant and a Cleaner Harbor", Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (brochure), "Atotonilco Wastewater Treatment Project", "Grundfos is part of the world's second largest wastewater treatment plant | Grundfos", "Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works, Hong Kong", "ACCIONA awarded contract for Africa's largest WWTP", "Asia's largest underground MBR-based WWTP*", "Western Treatment Plant - Melbourne Water", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_largest_wastewater_treatment_plants&oldid=1140294842, Lists of buildings and structures by type, Lists of largest buildings and structures, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, the world's largest water treatment plant 7.5 million m3/day, Jean-R.-Marcotte Wastewater Treatment Plant. Nevertheless, in 2020, Bluefield Research estimated that utilities throughout the country will spend more than $3 billion on wastewater pipe repairs and replacements, addressing 4,692 miles of wastewater pipeline. Harmful substances that wash off roads, parking lots, and rooftops can harm our rivers and lakes. In rural areas where decentralized systems are common, the responsibility to coordinate and finance O&M activities ranging from $250 to $500 every three to five years falls on homeowners. A publicly owned treatment works (POTW) is a term used in the United States for a sewage treatment plant owned, and usually operated, by a government agency. Expand EPAs CWSRF program and the Water Infrastructure and Finance Innovation Act (WIFIA) Migratory water birds use the areas for resting and feeding. Pub. For instance, the EPAs Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) provides resources to state agencies enabling them to act as infrastructure banks that grant funds and oversee low-interest loans. The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. In addition, sewage overflows can be caused by other problems such as blockages, equipment failures, broken pipes, or vandalism. to develop and quickly deploy regulations, systems, public safety education, and policies that address 21st century concerns such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS, forever chemicals) or novel biological components. GE Water (Suez) 5. This list may not reflect recent changes. Secondary treatment removes more than 90 percent of suspended solids. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Table 1. and 500,000 miles of private lateral sewers. The requirements and allowable substitutions for each level are listed in the rule (WAC 173-230 . U.S. EPA (2010) Evaluation of Energy Conservation Measures for Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Wastewater treatment capacities are expressed in cubic meters per day. Estimated volume of water wasted by common household sources in the U.S. Average monthly water and sewer bills in the United States 2001-2018, Average monthly combined water & sewer bills in the United States in 2001, 2009 and 2018 (in U.S. dollars)*, Increase in water bills in select cities in the United States 2010-2018, Increase in water bills in select cities in the United States between 2010 and 2018 (in U.S. dollars), Rise in water bills in the United States 2010-2018, by city, Rise in water bills in select cities in the United States between 2010 and 2018, Rise in water and wastewater bills in select U.S. cities 2018-2019, Change in average water and wastewater bills in select cities in the United States from 2018 to 2019 (in U.S. dollars), Share of low income populations in the U.S. with unaffordable water bills 2018, Share of low income population living in areas with unaffordable water bills in the United States in 2018, by city*, Water infrastructure CAPEX breakdown in the U.S. 2018-2027, by region, Forecasted regional distribution of water infrastructure capital expenditure in the United States from 2018 to 2027, Water infrastructure CAPEX breakdown in the U.S. 2018-2027, by segment, Forecasted distribution of water infrastructure capital expenditure by segment in the United States from 2018 to 2027, Forecasted segmental distribution of water infrastructure capital expenditure in the United States from 2018 to 2027, Water, sewage and other systems revenue in the U.S. 2010-2022, Water, sewage and other systems revenue in the U.S. 2010-2022 (in billion U.S. dollars), Forecast: revenue septic tanks and related services US 2008-2020, Revenue of septic tanks and related services (NAICS 562991) in United States from 2008 to 2020 (in million U.S. dollars). the .gov website. Sewage sludge surveys identify the presence of pollutants in biosolids using samples taken from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Construction Dive, NAHB: The Median Age of US Housing Continues to Climb. and the states,11 the nation's wastewater treatment facilities will need $271 billion over the next 20 years to meet the CWA's water quality objectives. More collaborations between researchers, technologists, wastewater utilities and operators, and federal decision-makers will be needed For example, water conservation appliances have reduced the volume of wastewater entering the system, treatment process innovations have more efficiently utilized existing capacity and limited resources, and real-time conveyance network monitoring can pinpoint and prioritize areas suffering from inflow and infiltration or in need of O&M. Most is applied to agricultural sites, with minor amounts applied to forestry and reclamation sites (e.g., Superfund and brownfield lands) and urban area (e.g., maintaining park land). Resources for peak flows at wastewater treatment facilities include: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), Primer for Municipal Wastewater Treatment. Research Service, Federally Supported Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Programs, May 3, 2019. Black & Veatch Management Consulting, LLC, 2018-2019 50 Largest Cities Water & Wastewater Rate Survey, 2019. If wastewater is not properly treated, then the environment and human health can be negatively impacted. There are four levels of full certification that are based on wastewater operating experience and education. %%EOF Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Nationwide, the drinking water and wastewater pipes in the ground are on average 45 years old, while some systems have components more than a century old. Residential end uses of water in the U.S. Distribution of residential end uses of water in the United States, Volume of U.S. water wasted by common sources. 1000 cubic meters is 1 ML (mega liter). An official website of the United States government. If the plant is built above the ground level, the wastewater has to be pumped up to the aeration tanks (item 3). 235 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<870AB3F051FF18BD744B8E8F6CABD94E><6BE48C3861000F4BB5CB651FCF0AC801>]/Index[222 22]/Info 221 0 R/Length 73/Prev 141874/Root 223 0 R/Size 244/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream U.S. EPA (2020) Contaminants of Emerging Concern including Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products., U.S. EPA (2020) Emerging Contaminants and Federal Facility Contaminants of Concern., U.S. EPA (2021) Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) Overview.. of 40 to 50 years. Official websites use .gov At municipal wastewater treatment plants in the United States, raw municipal wastewater undergoes preliminary, primary, secondary, and in some cases, additional treatment to yield treated effluent and a concentrated stream of solids in liquid, called sludge. This information is used in assessing potential risk from pollutants found in biosolids to human health and the environment. Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant C Chemical Building, Fields Point Sewage Treatment Plant Columbia Boulevard Wastewater Treatment Plant G Grand Canyon Water Reclamation Plant J John Oliver Memorial Sewer Plant N Noonday Water Reclamation Facility P Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission S Southeast Water Pollution Control Facility A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. b. We are happy to help. Clicking on the following button will update the content below. Wastewater Treatment Plants Metadata Updated: February 17, 2023 Data regarding wastewater treatment plants with permits issued under the New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Access & Use Information Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. across infrastructure sectors to extend the lifespan of assets and prioritize limited funding. Incorporate geographically specific, projected impacts of climate change During FY16 and FY17, Congress assigned funding at $1.394 billion, increased that value to $1.694 billion for FY18 and FY19, and then decreased FY20s amount to $1.120 billion. (2017) Municipal Wastewater Sludge as a Sustainable Bioresource in the United States. U.S. EPA (2022) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 1990 - 2020. 40 CFR Part 503 defines sewage sludge as a solid, semisolid, or liquid residue generated during the treatment of domestic sewage in a treatmentworks (for example a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). WILDLIFE HABITATS: Our rivers and ocean waters teem with life that depends on shoreline, beaches and marshes. Since we live, work and play so close to water, harmful bacteria have to be removed to make water safe. Pew Research Center, Social & Demographic Trends, What Unites and Divides Urban, Suburban and Rural Communities, May 22, 2018. Sanitary sewers aretypically built with some allowance for higher flows that occur when excess water enters the collection system during storm events. In the U.S., there are over 800,000 miles of public sewers /Length 8 0 R This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. 3 The United States Conference of Mayors, Local Government Makes Record-High Investments in Public Water & Sewer Infrastructure. Dober 9. Furthermore, state leaders have turned to levying local taxes, initiating restoration fees, and/or creating legislative set-asides as a means to invest in wastewater infrastructure and to close the funding gap. Share sensitive information only on official, Water Environment Research Fund. Water Science School HOMEWater Quality topics Water Use topics . @hA h"F`h`.%C^Vw data than referenced in the text. National Association of Clean Water Agencies (2010) Renewable Energy Resources: Banking on Biosolids. It was largely assembled by InSinkErator using information collected from the individual, listed wastewater treatment plant's web site(s), In cases where information could not be found . U.S. EPA (2009) Occurrence of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Wastewater From Nine Publicly Owned Treatment Works. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, PFOA, PFOS and Other PFASs, Basic Information on PFAS. ',Y^0?YMVa1 (bLSzpRr(e8_uHAX|dEppv})=Q/aE9k)/~=xZ@$i:R*aIEg2@m":FG@kAHO!5]Ic,Sz|{vIWTVR4UQTbbqA#+,oQ8H&=)#4?BYlrF)/*`sr3`kYVi< T3sArz2gou<5R 4F@^0ASu>WUfF$qw1=6|=w*\(uwC(aE'a{F. As all wastewater systems face multiple and increasing natural threats, The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Global key figures on wastewater generation 2020, U.S. wastewater treatment: revenue 2000-2018, Water and sewerage maintenance: U.S. price index 2000-2018, Leading water and sewer utilities by revenue in the U.S. 2020, Key information on wastewater generation worldwide as of 2020, Global share of wastewater safely treated 2020, by region, Proportion of domestic wastewater flow safely treated worldwide in 2020, by region*, Global share of population with wastewater collection systems by region 2018, Share of population connected to wastewater collection systems worldwide as of 2018, by region, Revenue from U.S. wastewater treatment from 2000 to 2018 (in billion U.S. dollars)*, National price index for water and sewerage maintenance in the U.S. from 2000 to 2018*, Water and wastewater key figures in the U.S. 2017, Water and wastewater key figures in the United States as of 2017, Biggest challenges facing the water industry in the U.S. 2020-2021, Most important challenges of the water, wastewater, and stormwater industry in the United States in 2020 and 2021, Sewage systems used in new single-family houses in the U.S. 2020, by type, Sewage systems used in new single-family houses in the United States in 2020, by water supply source (in 1,000s), U.S. distribution of water treatment industry by channel 2017, Distribution of the water treatment industry in United States in 2017, by channel*, U.S. construction spending: sewage and waste disposal projects 2009-2019, Public construction spending on sewage and waste disposal projects in the U.S. from 2009 to 2019 (in billion U.S. dollars), U.S. water, sewage, and other system utilities' capital expenditure by type 2012-2021, Capital expenditures for water, sewage, and other system utilities in the United States from 2012 to 2021, by type (in million U.S. dollars), U.S. water, sewage, and other system utilities' capital expenditure 2012-2021, Capital expenditures for water, sewage, and other system utilities in the United States from 2012 to 2021 (in million U.S. dollars), U.S. sewage treatment facility establishments by employment size 2018, Number of establishments in sewage treatment facilities sector in the United States in 2018, by employment size, Leading water and sewer utilities companies based on sales revenue in the United States in 2020 (in million U.S. dollars), American Water's wastewater services revenue 2012-2021, American Water's revenue from wastewater services from FY 2012 to FY 2021 (in million U.S. dollars), Essential Utilities operating revenue 2015-2021, Essential Utilities, Inc's operating revenue from FY 2015 to FY 2021 (in million U.S. dollars), American States Water Company operating revenue 2015-2021, American States Water Company's operating revenue from FY 2015 to FY 2021 (in million U.S. dollars).